Papal Encyclicals:

Papal encyclicals are documents that are written in order to address and speak to the needs of the times. The Pope in consultation with his bishops and scholars writes these papers on topics varying in nature. The listing below will give some idea of the issues addressed. Click on a topic of interest to view a brief summary of the document.


Rerum Novarum

-The Condition of Labor

Quadragesimo Anno

- The Reconstruction of the Social Order

Mater et Magistra

- Christianity and Social Progress

Pacem in Terris

-Peace on Earth

Laborem Exercens

- On Human Work

Octogesima Adveniens

- A Call to Action

Populorum Progressio

-The Development of Peoples

Sollicitudo Rei Socialis

- Social Concerns of the Church

Gaudiem et Spes

- The Church in the Modern World


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Rerum Novarum (On the Condition of Labor)

Pope Leo XIII, May 15, 1891
This work addresses the deplorable plight of the industrial workers in the wake of the Industrial Revolution. It calls for the protection of the weak and the poor through the perfection of justice by charity, while excluding socialism and class struggle as legitimate principles of change. It affirms:

* the dignity of work,
* the right to private property,
* the right to from and join professional associations.

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Quadragesimo Anno (On the Reconstruction of the Social Order)

Pope Pius XI, May 15, 1931

Written in response to the alarming concentration of wealth and power in the socioeconomic realism, Pius XI calls for the re-establishment of a social order based on the principle of subsidiarity. In commemorating the 40th anniversary of Rerum Novarum, this encyclical reaffirms the need for a social order founded on and animated by justice and charity.

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Mater et Magistra (Christianity and Social Progress)

Pope John XX III, May 15, 1961

This work affirmed the role of the Church as a teacher distinguishing good and evil, and as a nurturing mother to the poor and oppressed, John XXIII calls for a greater awareness of the need for all peoples to live as one community with a common good. Special attention is focused on the plight of the farmers and farm workers in depressed rural, agricultural economies.

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Pacem in Terris (Peace on Earth)

John XXIII, April 11, 1963

Covering the entire spectrum of relations between individuals, between the individual and the community and between nations, John XXIII affirms the inviolability of human rights. Peace, based on mutual trust, can be well founded only if undergirded by a unity of right order in human affairs arising from a genuine respect for and adherence to the law of God.

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Populorum Progressio ((The Development of Peoples)

Pope Paul VI, March 26, 1967

Calling attention to the worsening marginalization of the poor, Paul VI presents the various dimensions of an integral human development and the necessary conditions for growth in the solidarity of peoples. Only with an accompanying theological reflection on liberation from injustice and genuine human values can there be true human development towards a more human condition.

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Octogesima Adveniens (A Call to Action)

Pope Paul VI, May 14, 1971

Realizing the need for a genuine renewal in domestic and international societal structures, Paul VI calls on Christians to live up to the duty of participation in social and political reform as a way of discovering the truth and living out the Gospel.

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Laborem Exercens (On Human Work)

Pope John Paul II, September 14, 1981

Exhorting Christians everywhere to be involved in the transformation of existing socioeconomic systems, John Paul II presents work as a fundamental dimension of human existence through which the "social question" must be viewed. The meaning of work can only be properly understood when the dignity of labor is taken as an underlying premise.

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Sollicitudo Rei Socialis (On the Social Concerns of the Church)

Pope John Paul II, December 30, 1987

Expanding on the notion of development in Populorum Progressio, John Paul II reviews the state of world development in the past tow decades. The moral nature of development I leading humanity to the "fullness of being" is emphasized.

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Gaudiem et Spes (The Church in the Modern World)

Vatican II, December 7, 1965

Calling for a new sense of service by the church in a rapidly changing world, the Council systematically presents the ethical framework of the church's commitment to pastoral work in the world. This servant Church addresses itself to the real concerns and problems faced by Christians living in the modern age and calls for a development based on an unqualified acceptance of the inherent dignity of the human person.

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